Melanocortin
Melanocortins are a family of neuropeptides that regulate pigmentation, appetite, sexual function, and inflammation through melanocortin receptors. Melanotan II and PT-141 are synthetic melanocortin receptor agonists studied in research.
Overview
The melanocortin system consists of five receptor subtypes (MC1R–MC5R) with distinct tissue distributions and functions. MC1R governs skin and hair pigmentation; MC3R and MC4R regulate energy balance and appetite in the hypothalamus; MC4R also mediates sexual arousal pathways. Endogenous melanocortin peptides include alpha-MSH (melanocyte-stimulating hormone) and ACTH. Synthetic research compounds Melanotan II and PT-141 (Bremelanotide) are non-selective melanocortin receptor agonists: Melanotan II produces tanning and appetite suppression alongside sexual effects, while PT-141 targets primarily sexual arousal pathways. The diversity of melanocortin receptor subtypes explains the wide range of effects these compounds produce.
Related Peptide Profiles
Frequently asked questions
What is the difference between Melanotan II and PT-141?+
Both are melanocortin receptor agonists, but Melanotan II has stronger tanning and appetite suppression effects while PT-141 is more selective for sexual arousal pathways via MC4R.
How does melanocortin affect skin pigmentation?+
Melanocortin peptides bind MC1R on melanocytes (skin pigment cells), stimulating melanin production. More melanin results in darker skin pigmentation.
Are melanocortin peptides FDA-approved?+
PT-141 (Bremelanotide) received FDA approval in 2019 as Vyleesi for hypoactive sexual desire disorder in premenopausal women. Melanotan II remains a research compound with no FDA approval.